Oral cancer treatment

Surgery is often a main treatment when mouth cancer can be removed. It may include nearby lymph nodes in the neck. Reconstruction may help restore appearance and function.

Pain, swelling and changes in speech or eating can occur. Ask about support with swallowing and nutrition. Some people need a feeding tube during recovery.

Radiotherapy may follow surgery, be used when surgery is unsuitable, or help relieve symptoms. The team will explain its purpose in your plan.

Mouth soreness, painful swallowing, dry mouth and taste changes can occur. Later effects can include jaw stiffness and dental problems. Ask for dental assessment before treatment and a plan for mouth care and eating. Tell a dentist about previous head-and-neck radiotherapy before any dental procedure.

Chemotherapy may be combined with radiotherapy for selected cancers. Systemic Anti-Cancer Therapy (SACT) may also help control cancer that has returned or spread. The choice can include chemotherapy, immunotherapy or targeted treatment, depending on the cancer and available options.

Some SACT drugs can affect the kidneys, hearing or nerves. Ask which checks you need and report changes promptly.

Tell the team early if drinking becomes difficult. Inability to drink needs urgent assessment.

• Do I need dental treatment before radiotherapy starts?
• Who can help if eating, swallowing or speaking becomes difficult?
• What mouth care or jaw exercises are right for me?
• How will we monitor my weight and help me get enough nutrition?